tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18918696250683765812011-07-07T14:00:00.671-07:00Things found in lost timeHistory of the Book, Amsterdamnoreply@blogger.comBlogger151100tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1891869625068376581.post-18090860789002670532009-12-15T00:45:00.000-08:002009-12-15T00:47:58.028-08:00<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SydM4HZpHdI/AAAAAAAAAUI/qvh3Yu9H3js/s1600-h/vesalius1.jpg"><img style="WIDTH: 265px; HEIGHT: 400px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5415381603879296466" border="0" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SydM4HZpHdI/AAAAAAAAAUI/qvh3Yu9H3js/s400/vesalius1.jpg" /></a><br /><div><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SydMxCcj-3I/AAAAAAAAAUA/H_EacRQqEEg/s1600-h/vesalius.jpg"><img style="WIDTH: 400px; HEIGHT: 278px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5415381482290281330" border="0" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SydMxCcj-3I/AAAAAAAAAUA/H_EacRQqEEg/s400/vesalius.jpg" /></a> </div><br /><div><br /></div><br /><div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1891869625068376581-1809086078900267053?l=deverlorentijd.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>History of the Book, Amsterdamnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1891869625068376581.post-1614344910376780492009-11-20T05:49:00.000-08:002009-11-20T06:20:16.959-08:00<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/Swag1a2mFaI/AAAAAAAAAS4/PZsKaZTC5-g/s1600/titelblad.png"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5406185242306680226" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 240px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/Swag1a2mFaI/AAAAAAAAAS4/PZsKaZTC5-g/s320/titelblad.png" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><div><div><div><div><br /><br /><br /><div><br /><br /><br /><div><br /><br /><br /><div><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/Swag2FzemDI/AAAAAAAAATA/vMN52lpQoC8/s1600/voorwoord.png"></a><br /><br /><br /><div> </div></div><div>Phryesen, Laurentius (Laurens Frizen/Lorenz Fries). Spiegel der Artznei. 1518. </div><div>Medisch handboek met anatomische illustraties, bedoeld voor een professioneel (medisch) publiek.<br />Titelblad in 2 kleuren gedrukt.<br /><br /><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SwajK2l4UMI/AAAAAAAAATQ/lozRABQgJtc/s1600/illustratie1.png"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5406187809553273026" style="WIDTH: 240px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SwajK2l4UMI/AAAAAAAAATQ/lozRABQgJtc/s320/illustratie1.png" border="0" /></a><br /></div></div><div>Het overgrote deel van de illustraties zijn vergelijkbaare met deze hierboven: het zijn houtsnedes die in lopende tekst zijn geplaatst, zij laten ziekten en behandelwijzen zien maar laten geen anatomische details zien.<br /></div><div><br /><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/Swajp9EnkXI/AAAAAAAAATY/t5Jd3dVAP6w/s1600/illustratie2.png"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5406188343868756338" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 240px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/Swajp9EnkXI/AAAAAAAAATY/t5Jd3dVAP6w/s320/illustratie2.png" border="0" /></a><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/Swaj1TfJ9WI/AAAAAAAAATg/392rl5XrqVg/s1600/illustratie3.png"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5406188538864203106" style="WIDTH: 240px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/Swaj1TfJ9WI/AAAAAAAAATg/392rl5XrqVg/s320/illustratie3.png" border="0" /></a><br /></div><div> </div><div> </div><div>Bijzonder zijn deze twee los bijgebonden illustraties. De zijn zgn. <em>fliegende Blatter</em> of <em>fugitive sheets. </em>Dit zijn populaire anatomische tekeningen die zowel onder medici als onder het gewone volk circuleerden. Vaak (zoals in dit geval) is de maker onbekend. Deze twee zijn van goede kwaliteit, de maker was een bekwaam houtsnijder.<br /></div></div><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SwalBWFGTyI/AAAAAAAAAT4/O4-2eRXw8K8/s1600/illustratie3.png"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5406189845230276386" style="WIDTH: 300px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 400px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SwalBWFGTyI/AAAAAAAAAT4/O4-2eRXw8K8/s400/illustratie3.png" border="0" /></a><br /><div><br /><div>Met name deze houtsnede is interessant, omdat hier de ontwikkeling richting een meer realistische weergave zichtbaar is (de dode heeft individuele trekken) ten opzichte van eerdere, meer schematische anatomische illustraties. Bijzonder is ook dat naast het hele lichaam ook de anatomie van afzonderlijke lichaamsdelen gedetailleerd getoond wordt.</div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1891869625068376581-161434491037678049?l=deverlorentijd.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>History of the Book, Amsterdamnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1891869625068376581.post-51867473086976271662008-10-25T12:37:00.000-07:002008-10-25T12:56:56.590-07:00<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQN2AH4akEI/AAAAAAAAASw/_Jd4shROq5w/s1600-h/2072354792_481b1a212e_o.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 396px; height: 400px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQN2AH4akEI/AAAAAAAAASw/_Jd4shROq5w/s400/2072354792_481b1a212e_o.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5261178534186618946" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQN1_3mL5AI/AAAAAAAAASo/fMjIsL3bEIM/s1600-h/2072352032_0099227a8e_b.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 176px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQN1_3mL5AI/AAAAAAAAASo/fMjIsL3bEIM/s400/2072352032_0099227a8e_b.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5261178529815192578" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQN1_RzLC2I/AAAAAAAAASg/EHz5RVxC7qs/s1600-h/2071583421_6d3da899da_b.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 398px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQN1_RzLC2I/AAAAAAAAASg/EHz5RVxC7qs/s400/2071583421_6d3da899da_b.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5261178519669115746" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQN1_V_fjqI/AAAAAAAAASY/4UQ1O3WkNdI/s1600-h/2071578813_6a2332d9f8_b.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 398px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQN1_V_fjqI/AAAAAAAAASY/4UQ1O3WkNdI/s400/2071578813_6a2332d9f8_b.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5261178520794533538" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQN1_GbQziI/AAAAAAAAASQ/MlJ9pGBIvWA/s1600-h/2067083698_6578a413d5_b.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 396px; height: 400px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQN1_GbQziI/AAAAAAAAASQ/MlJ9pGBIvWA/s400/2067083698_6578a413d5_b.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5261178516616039970" border="0" /></a><br />Initiaalletters zijn meestal in houtsnede uitgevoerd en voorzover ze van ander materiaal zijn gemaakt afgietsels. De Vesalius van 1543 is een van de weinige boeken met speciaal ontworpen intitialen.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1891869625068376581-5186747308697627166?l=deverlorentijd.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>History of the Book, Amsterdamnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1891869625068376581.post-47031848316253012662008-10-25T00:20:00.001-07:002008-10-25T00:35:44.098-07:00<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQLJlCykMEI/AAAAAAAAASI/mLSMlxCiqAU/s1600-h/Pomologie060.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 279px; height: 400px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQLJlCykMEI/AAAAAAAAASI/mLSMlxCiqAU/s400/Pomologie060.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5260988952963461186" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQLJkzRbUiI/AAAAAAAAASA/sO15KV_94bQ/s1600-h/Pomologie038.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 316px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQLJkzRbUiI/AAAAAAAAASA/sO15KV_94bQ/s400/Pomologie038.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5260988948797936162" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQLJk3palfI/AAAAAAAAAR4/BrqlS1Tm5CQ/s1600-h/Pomologie029.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQLJk3palfI/AAAAAAAAAR4/BrqlS1Tm5CQ/s400/Pomologie029.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5260988949972293106" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQLJkrq9uZI/AAAAAAAAARw/n6hLCVFdPZc/s1600-h/Pomologie023.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQLJkrq9uZI/AAAAAAAAARw/n6hLCVFdPZc/s400/Pomologie023.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5260988946757564818" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQLJkmXZFEI/AAAAAAAAARo/NxYi7S15itE/s1600-h/Pomologie004.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQLJkmXZFEI/AAAAAAAAARo/NxYi7S15itE/s400/Pomologie004.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5260988945333294146" border="0" /></a><br />De litho's van dit boek - vier dikke delen gevuld met al het fruit dat in Frankrijk te vinden was in het begin van de negentiende eeuw - zijn van onvoorstelbare kwaliteit. Gedrukt in kleur, daarna met de hand bijgewerkt. De kleuren zijn incidenteel met de hand toegevoegd of bewerkt. Bijzonder is de glans. Tegenwoordig gebruikt men daar 'spotlak' voor: een transparant glanzend laagje dat over delen van afbeeldingen wordt gedrukt. In de negentiende eeuw was het handwerk.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1891869625068376581-4703184831625301266?l=deverlorentijd.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>History of the Book, Amsterdamnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1891869625068376581.post-45965397868048207312008-10-23T14:26:00.000-07:002008-10-23T14:34:32.179-07:00<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQDsqdElXfI/AAAAAAAAARg/dwcMVfR8p1M/s1600-h/DSC08795.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 345px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQDsqdElXfI/AAAAAAAAARg/dwcMVfR8p1M/s400/DSC08795.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5260464578871254514" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQDsqI60wiI/AAAAAAAAARY/6aoNKvYdroI/s1600-h/DSC08793.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 379px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQDsqI60wiI/AAAAAAAAARY/6aoNKvYdroI/s400/DSC08793.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5260464573461611042" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQDsp8moc_I/AAAAAAAAARQ/KWTUdxSROQw/s1600-h/DSC08767.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 260px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQDsp8moc_I/AAAAAAAAARQ/KWTUdxSROQw/s400/DSC08767.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5260464570155693042" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQDspgnPTBI/AAAAAAAAARI/v7w5GftFyJ0/s1600-h/DSC08745.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 368px; height: 400px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQDspgnPTBI/AAAAAAAAARI/v7w5GftFyJ0/s400/DSC08745.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5260464562642045970" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQDspZ2ythI/AAAAAAAAARA/i5fNNF6XD_U/s1600-h/DSC08733.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 335px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SQDspZ2ythI/AAAAAAAAARA/i5fNNF6XD_U/s400/DSC08733.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5260464560828233234" border="0" /></a>Lithografie: De Pomologia Batava verscheen in 1838. In alle catalogi (ook van antikwaren) staat dit boek als kleurenlitho te boek. Maar het is handgekleurd. In de inleiding beschrijft de auteur hoe de afbeeldingen zijn gemaakt: het zijn litho's in lichtgrijs die volgens zijn aanwijzingen met de hand zijn ingekleurd. Nu de oplage nog achterhalen!<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1891869625068376581-4596539786804820731?l=deverlorentijd.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>History of the Book, Amsterdamnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1891869625068376581.post-3523418344510489602008-10-19T14:11:00.000-07:002008-10-19T14:14:33.686-07:00<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPui_31DwOI/AAAAAAAAAQw/7NdabNoOJ40/s1600-h/DSC08593.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPui_31DwOI/AAAAAAAAAQw/7NdabNoOJ40/s400/DSC08593.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258976208087138530" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPujAJ4w5dI/AAAAAAAAAQ4/l_8IEbkcEeg/s1600-h/DSC08594.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPujAJ4w5dI/AAAAAAAAAQ4/l_8IEbkcEeg/s400/DSC08594.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258976212934518226" border="0" /></a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1891869625068376581-352341834451048960?l=deverlorentijd.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>History of the Book, Amsterdamnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1891869625068376581.post-59402536241855430902008-10-19T12:59:00.000-07:002008-10-19T13:04:43.607-07:00<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuSNFd7dyI/AAAAAAAAAQY/BT_JwSToWHw/s1600-h/DSC08596.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuSNFd7dyI/AAAAAAAAAQY/BT_JwSToWHw/s400/DSC08596.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258957743388849954" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuSNaTLDqI/AAAAAAAAAQg/tvkk1f_lBGk/s1600-h/DSC08597.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuSNaTLDqI/AAAAAAAAAQg/tvkk1f_lBGk/s400/DSC08597.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258957748980879010" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuSNlfAhTI/AAAAAAAAAQo/APuUbSQt7jc/s1600-h/DSC08598.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuSNlfAhTI/AAAAAAAAAQo/APuUbSQt7jc/s400/DSC08598.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258957751983310130" border="0" /></a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1891869625068376581-5940253624185543090?l=deverlorentijd.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>History of the Book, Amsterdamnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1891869625068376581.post-57040280389730521522008-10-19T12:34:00.001-07:002008-10-19T12:44:27.590-07:00<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuMTh1sMKI/AAAAAAAAAQA/SA-ZUwqJG2g/s1600-h/DSC08603.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuMTh1sMKI/AAAAAAAAAQA/SA-ZUwqJG2g/s400/DSC08603.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258951257014153378" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuMUJyF1aI/AAAAAAAAAQI/lwci7SKfkPw/s1600-h/DSC08604.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuMUJyF1aI/AAAAAAAAAQI/lwci7SKfkPw/s400/DSC08604.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258951267736475042" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuMUgSfhRI/AAAAAAAAAQQ/A4TUTv9inrU/s1600-h/DSC08605.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuMUgSfhRI/AAAAAAAAAQQ/A4TUTv9inrU/s400/DSC08605.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258951273777956114" border="0" /></a>Diepdruk: vernis mou of zachte vernis. Op een gepolijste koperplaat wordt een zachte vernislaag aangebracht die zacht blijft. De tekening wordt aangebracht op een vel papier dat op de waslaag wordt gelegd. Dat gebeurt meestal met potlood en dat levert, na het uitbijten in een zuurbad , een afdruk als deze op.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1891869625068376581-5704028038973052152?l=deverlorentijd.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>History of the Book, Amsterdamnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1891869625068376581.post-57782962707789875802008-10-19T12:12:00.000-07:002008-10-19T14:02:23.188-07:00<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuHQ9nQ1zI/AAAAAAAAAPo/ld_GdpbnHDk/s1600-h/burijn.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuHQ9nQ1zI/AAAAAAAAAPo/ld_GdpbnHDk/s400/burijn.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258945715372087090" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuHRDKbzBI/AAAAAAAAAPw/SFSdaKgeUfc/s1600-h/DSC08600.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuHRDKbzBI/AAAAAAAAAPw/SFSdaKgeUfc/s400/DSC08600.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258945716861783058" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuHRa6yCLI/AAAAAAAAAP4/NTOl72n-ROI/s1600-h/DSC08601.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPuHRa6yCLI/AAAAAAAAAP4/NTOl72n-ROI/s400/DSC08601.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258945723238582450" border="0" /></a>Diepdruk: gravure. De gravure werd in het begin van de zestiende eeuw uitgevonden. Met een scherp en spits driekantig mes wordt de afbeelding in de gepolijste koperplaat gestoken. De plaat ligt op een kussentje dat kan draaien en kantelen. De graveur beweegt het mes en de plaat. Het is een klus die kracht en een vaste had vereist - in tegenstelling tot het etsen dat meer op tekenen lijkt. Van gravures kon een veel groter aantal afdrukken worden gemaakt dan van etsen.<br /><br />Graveurs waren specialisten. Maar zelden graveerden de kunstenaars zelf de voorstelling. Dat veranderde toen de ets meer werd gebruikt voor illustraties. In het museum Plantijn-Moretus worden de gegraveerde platen bewaard samen met de ontwerptekeningen van Rubens.<br /><br />Gravures zijn te herkennen aan de rechte lijnen en de puntige uiteinden ervan. Gravure, ets en droge naald worden overigens op een en dezelfde plaat aangetroffen.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1891869625068376581-5778296270778987580?l=deverlorentijd.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>History of the Book, Amsterdamnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1891869625068376581.post-82763796818293960152008-10-18T12:36:00.001-07:002008-10-19T12:05:33.428-07:00<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPo7I5JV9WI/AAAAAAAAAOY/09_MFqfKePI/s1600-h/DSC08590.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPo7I5JV9WI/AAAAAAAAAOY/09_MFqfKePI/s400/DSC08590.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258580538873476450" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPo7JPYEpYI/AAAAAAAAAOg/972OC9vgP2I/s1600-h/DSC08591.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPo7JPYEpYI/AAAAAAAAAOg/972OC9vgP2I/s400/DSC08591.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258580544840836482" border="0" /></a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1891869625068376581-8276379681829396015?l=deverlorentijd.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>History of the Book, Amsterdamnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1891869625068376581.post-2530476725629014482008-10-18T07:28:00.001-07:002008-10-19T12:04:47.615-07:00<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPnzGPXcyrI/AAAAAAAAAOA/konrHYglfH4/s1600-h/DSC08613.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPnzGPXcyrI/AAAAAAAAAOA/konrHYglfH4/s400/DSC08613.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258501328461417138" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPnzGrscYLI/AAAAAAAAAOI/HE5lQpzSOo0/s1600-h/DSC08614.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPnzGrscYLI/AAAAAAAAAOI/HE5lQpzSOo0/s400/DSC08614.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258501336065663154" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPnzG4inpDI/AAAAAAAAAOQ/LjGDVBtyNU4/s1600-h/DSC08615.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPnzG4inpDI/AAAAAAAAAOQ/LjGDVBtyNU4/s400/DSC08615.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258501339514119218" border="0" /></a><br />Hoogdruk: houtgravure. De houtgravure was een van de populairste illustratietechnieken van de negentiende eeuw. De kopse kant van hard hout, zoals Buxus, werd net als kopergravures bewerkt met de burijn. In de negentiende eeuw gebeurde dat in grote ateliers door gespecialiseerde vaklieden.<br />Houtgravures werden veel toegepast als illustraties in kranten en dergelijke. De grootmeester van de techniek is de bekende kunstenaar/illustrator Gustave Doré.<br />De Engelse graficus Thomas Bewick (1753-1828) geldt als de uitvinder van de techniek. Waarschijnlijk werd hij echter al eeuwen eerder toegepast voor het vervaardigen van de bekende sierinitialen en ornamenten die in alle zestiende- en zeventiende-eeuwse boeken werden gebruikt.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1891869625068376581-253047672562901448?l=deverlorentijd.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>History of the Book, Amsterdamnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1891869625068376581.post-40940388649097490522008-10-18T06:45:00.001-07:002008-10-18T07:28:26.356-07:00<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPnrYgZRtyI/AAAAAAAAANY/J7JU3Q1CpT8/s1600-h/DSC08561.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPnrYgZRtyI/AAAAAAAAANY/J7JU3Q1CpT8/s400/DSC08561.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258492846177105698" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPnrY6OVFaI/AAAAAAAAANg/5DKSSvSowHg/s1600-h/DSC08562.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPnrY6OVFaI/AAAAAAAAANg/5DKSSvSowHg/s400/DSC08562.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258492853110511010" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPnrZSigLBI/AAAAAAAAANo/Ge3KaRTcOoE/s1600-h/DSC08565.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPnrZSigLBI/AAAAAAAAANo/Ge3KaRTcOoE/s400/DSC08565.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258492859637574674" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPnrZuYO4_I/AAAAAAAAANw/Zb_qF6JTn00/s1600-h/DSC08566.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPnrZuYO4_I/AAAAAAAAANw/Zb_qF6JTn00/s400/DSC08566.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258492867110691826" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPnrZv3Ra0I/AAAAAAAAAN4/KizRzyfwtDc/s1600-h/DSC08568.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPnrZv3Ra0I/AAAAAAAAAN4/KizRzyfwtDc/s400/DSC08568.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258492867509316418" border="0" /></a>Vanaf het eerste kwart van de negentiende eeuw wordt de lithografie de meest toegepaste wijze van illustreren.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1891869625068376581-4094038864909749052?l=deverlorentijd.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>History of the Book, Amsterdamnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1891869625068376581.post-8624089079455961502008-10-18T02:08:00.000-07:002008-10-19T11:55:20.441-07:00<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmoKHhFG5I/AAAAAAAAAM4/QdZhEcHcgu8/s1600-h/DSC08617.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmoKHhFG5I/AAAAAAAAAM4/QdZhEcHcgu8/s400/DSC08617.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258418931701717906" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmoKmiTo-I/AAAAAAAAANA/xe6RHPxEMYc/s1600-h/DSC08618.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmoKmiTo-I/AAAAAAAAANA/xe6RHPxEMYc/s400/DSC08618.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258418940028363746" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmoK3yuMUI/AAAAAAAAANI/18bhi7fhdK0/s1600-h/DSC08619.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmoK3yuMUI/AAAAAAAAANI/18bhi7fhdK0/s400/DSC08619.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258418944660615490" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmoLNlDL0I/AAAAAAAAANQ/UqBMlmXMqWk/s1600-h/DSC08620.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmoLNlDL0I/AAAAAAAAANQ/UqBMlmXMqWk/s400/DSC08620.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258418950508851010" border="0" /></a><br />Diepdruk: ets. De koperplaat wordt gepolijst en vervolgens met een waslaag ingesmeerd. Deze kan met roet zijn vermengd of met een laagje roet worden bedekt. Daarna wordt met een etsnaald de voorstelling in de waslaag gekrast. Het koper ligt dan bloot en als de plaat in een zuurbad wordt ondergedompeld worden de lijnen uitgebeten.<br />Tot in de zeventiende eeuw werd een zachte etsgrond gebruikt en dat leverde ondiepe lijnen op. Een hardere laag maakte het mogelijk om het zuur diepere te laten inbijten zonder dat de lijnen breder werden. Dergelijke etsplaten konden veel vaker worden afgedrukt. Romeyn de Hooghe - van wie we hier wat details zien - geldt als een pionier van deze techniek.<br />Etsen is veel eenvoudiger dan graveren en het is dus geen wonder dat de nieuwe etstechniek veelvuldig werd toegepast.<br />Etsen zijn te onderscheiden van gravures door naar de lijnen te kijken en dan met name naar de uiteinden ervan. De etslijnen zijn minder strak en eindigen rond.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1891869625068376581-862408907945596150?l=deverlorentijd.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>History of the Book, Amsterdamnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1891869625068376581.post-68180225070973714922008-10-18T01:35:00.000-07:002008-10-18T02:02:02.590-07:00<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmgdUlpUQI/AAAAAAAAAMg/vZ6WzEVhIbA/s1600-h/DSC08587.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmgdUlpUQI/AAAAAAAAAMg/vZ6WzEVhIbA/s400/DSC08587.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258410465535021314" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmgdqYhk5I/AAAAAAAAAMo/Zx0azoIKq2c/s1600-h/DSC08588.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmgdqYhk5I/AAAAAAAAAMo/Zx0azoIKq2c/s400/DSC08588.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258410471385568146" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmgdwNiuZI/AAAAAAAAAMw/rclFAemFO-E/s1600-h/DSC08607.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmgdwNiuZI/AAAAAAAAAMw/rclFAemFO-E/s400/DSC08607.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258410472950118802" border="0" /></a>Hoogdruk: houtsnede. Met beitels en mesjes wordt wat wit moet blijven weggesneden op het langshout (in de groeirichting verzaagd houtblok). De houtblokken werden in de handpersperiode samen met het zetsel afgedrukt op de handpers.<br />De houtblokken waren gevoelig voor vocht, barsten en houtworm maar gingen lang mee.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1891869625068376581-6818022507097371492?l=deverlorentijd.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>History of the Book, Amsterdamnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1891869625068376581.post-72879806128776177452008-10-18T00:40:00.000-07:002008-10-18T01:07:27.823-07:00<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmYaWMOeRI/AAAAAAAAAMY/F6O_sKZ0DCw/s1600-h/foto.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmYaWMOeRI/AAAAAAAAAMY/F6O_sKZ0DCw/s400/foto.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258401618332645650" border="0" /></a> modern wiegijzer<br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmTqE63WbI/AAAAAAAAAL4/X8zcOJwjcrY/s1600-h/DSC08555.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmTqE63WbI/AAAAAAAAAL4/X8zcOJwjcrY/s400/DSC08555.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258396391016192434" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmTqZytvwI/AAAAAAAAAMA/bI16CVtyT9g/s1600-h/DSC08556.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmTqZytvwI/AAAAAAAAAMA/bI16CVtyT9g/s400/DSC08556.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258396396619153154" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmTqrx-HPI/AAAAAAAAAMI/kTIQHilhHBE/s1600-h/DSC08557.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmTqrx-HPI/AAAAAAAAAMI/kTIQHilhHBE/s400/DSC08557.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258396401447869682" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmTqsWVZkI/AAAAAAAAAMQ/T2H099ma0FA/s1600-h/DSC08558.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qnzBpHaJ3Bw/SPmTqsWVZkI/AAAAAAAAAMQ/T2H099ma0FA/s400/DSC08558.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5258396401600390722" border="0" /></a><br /><span style="display: block;" class="LegacyBubblePanel" id="N6007D" onclick="return bubbleToggle(this.id, 'N60078');">Diepdruk: mezzotint of zwarte kunst. Rond 1650 werd een nieuwe techniek uitgevonden. Met een 'wiegijzer' werd een koperplaat bewerkt. Het wiegijzer laat kleine putjes in de koperplaat achter waar de inkt in blijft hangen. Om de voorstelling aan te brengen worden delen die lichter moeten worden gladder gemaakt met een schraapijzer - daar houdt de inkt dan minder. Door delen meer of minder te polijsten worden de kleurverschillen bereikt.<br />De afbeelding wordt levensechter door de halftonen.</span><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/1891869625068376581-7287980612877617745?l=deverlorentijd.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>History of the Book, Amsterdamnoreply@blogger.com0